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The Stand at Holtzwihr: Murphy's Impossible Hour

Date: Jan 26 1945 Location: Holtzwihr France Unit: 15th Infantry Award: ★ Medal of Honor
~8 minutes min read

The morning fog clung to the frozen fields around Holtzwihr like a burial shroud. Lieutenant Audie Murphy crouched in the shallow foxhole, his breath forming white puffs in the bitter Alsatian air. The kid from Texas—barely old enough to vote when he'd lied about his age to enlist—now commanded Company B, 15th Infantry Regiment, after too many good officers had fallen in the winter campaign.

At 1400 hours, the earth began to tremble. Through his field glasses, Murphy watched in growing dread as the treeline erupted with movement. Six German tanks—Panzer IVs and a massive Tiger I—emerged from the woods like steel predators, their tracks crushing the frozen stubble. Behind them came the feldgrau figures of Wehrmacht infantry, at least 250 men in the first wave alone.

Jesus Christ," whispered Sergeant Kerrigan beside him. "They're coming right at us."

Murphy's mind raced through their options. His company held a thin defensive line anchored on an M36 tank destroyer positioned 50 yards behind them. The massive 90mm gun could punch through any German armor, but Captain Johnson and his crew were already engaging targets to the east. The infantry would have to hold until the TD could swing around.

German tanks and infantry emerging from the treeline at dawn, with Murphy observing through binoculars from his foxhole position.

German tanks and infantry emerging from the treeline at dawn, with Murphy observing through binoculars from his foxhole position.

Pull back to the secondary line," Murphy ordered, his voice steady despite the chaos erupting around them. German mortars began walking across their position, geysers of dirt and snow fountaining skyward. Machine gun bullets snapped overhead like angry hornets.

The withdrawal became a fighting retreat. Murphy's men leapfrogged back by squads, laying down covering fire with their M1 Garands while the Germans pressed forward. The Panzer IV at the point of the enemy spearhead had found their range, its 75mm shells bracketing the American positions.

Then disaster struck. A Panzerfaust round slammed into the M36's hull with a tremendous clang. Orange flames began licking from the engine compartment as Captain Johnson's crew bailed out, the tank destroyer's ammunition starting to cook off in sporadic pops and bangs.

Sir, we got to get out of here!" Kerrigan grabbed Murphy's arm as German infantry closed to within 100 yards. "That TD's gonna blow!"
The M36 tank destroyer taking a direct hit from a Panzerfaust, with orange flames erupting and the crew bailing out.

The M36 tank destroyer taking a direct hit from a Panzerfaust, with orange flames erupting and the crew bailing out.

Murphy looked at his men—kids mostly, farm boys from the Midwest and factory workers from Detroit. They were falling back in good order, but the German advance was relentless. If the enemy took this position, they'd roll up the entire American line.

Instead of retreating, Murphy did the unthinkable. He scrambled up onto the burning tank destroyer, grabbed the .50 caliber machine gun mounted on the turret, and swung it toward the advancing Germans.

Lieutenant, get down from there!" Johnson shouted from his position behind a nearby tree. "She's gonna cook off any second!"

Murphy ignored him. The big Ma Deuce felt familiar in his hands—he'd trained on every weapon in the infantry arsenal. He pulled back the charging handle, acquired his targets, and pressed the trigger.

Murphy climbing onto the burning tank destroyer and grabbing the .50 caliber machine gun while flames rage around him.

Murphy climbing onto the burning tank destroyer and grabbing the .50 caliber machine gun while flames rage around him.

The .50 cal roared to life, its heavy slugs cutting down the lead German squad like wheat before a scythe. Tracers streaked across the frozen field, and Murphy adjusted his fire methodically, professionally. Years of hunting rabbits in East Texas had taught him to lead moving targets, and Wehrmacht soldiers weren't much faster than jackrabbits.

The Germans faltered, confused by the deadly fire coming from what should have been a knocked-out vehicle. Murphy traversed the gun left, stitching a line of destruction across their formation. The Panzer IV commander, seeing the threat, swung his turret toward the burning TD.

Come on, you Kraut bastards," Murphy muttered, feeding a fresh belt of ammunition into the smoking weapon. Flames were now shooting up around his legs, and the heat was becoming unbearable. The tank destroyer's fuel tank could explode at any moment, but Murphy held his position.

For an hour, he maintained his impossible stand. German infantry tried to flank him, but Murphy's devastating fire kept them pinned down. When they tried to rush his position, he cut them down in the open ground. The enemy tanks couldn't get a clear shot without hitting their own men, and Murphy's accurate fire was decimating their infantry support.

Murphy firing the .50 caliber machine gun from atop the blazing tank destroyer at advancing German infantry, muzzle flashes lighting up his face.

Murphy firing the .50 caliber machine gun from atop the blazing tank destroyer at advancing German infantry, muzzle flashes lighting up his face.

Ammunition began running low. Murphy could feel the heat singing his eyebrows, and several times he had to pat out small fires on his jacket. But still he held, knowing that every minute bought time for his men to establish a new defensive line.

At 1500 hours, American artillery finally found the range. 105mm shells began falling among the German formation, and the enemy tanks pulled back under the barrage. The infantry attack collapsed, Wehrmacht soldiers streaming back toward the treeline in disorder.

Only then did Murphy climb down from the burning wreck, his legs shaky from the heat and adrenaline. Behind him, the M36 finally exploded in a tremendous fireball, the blast knocking him face-first into the snow.

Kerrigan reached him first, pulling Murphy away from the inferno. "Lieutenant! You crazy son of a bitch! Are you hit?"

German infantry retreating in disorder as Murphy continues his devastating fire, with American artillery beginning to fall in the background.

German infantry retreating in disorder as Murphy continues his devastating fire, with American artillery beginning to fall in the background.

Murphy sat up slowly, patting out the last of the smoldering spots on his uniform. His ears were ringing from the explosion, and his hands were burned from gripping the red-hot machine gun. But he was alive, and more importantly, his men were alive.

Get a count on casualties," he ordered, his voice hoarse from shouting over the gunfire. "And see if we can raise battalion. They need to know the Krauts are probing in company strength."

As medics tended to his burns and the company reorganized, Murphy looked back at the smoldering wreck of the tank destroyer. In that burning steel coffin, a farm boy from Texas had held off an entire German company, buying precious time with courage that defied all reason.

Three months later, President Harry Truman would place the Medal of Honor around Audie Murphy's neck. But on this frozen afternoon in Alsace, surrounded by the smell of cordite and burning diesel fuel, Murphy was just another GI doing his job—even when that job was impossible.

M2 .50 Caliber Machine Gun

The heavy machine gun Murphy used from atop the burning tank destroyer to hold off the German assault.

Caliber
.50 BMG (12.7×99mm NATO)
Weight
84 lbs (38 kg) for M2HB
Range
1,800 meters effective, 6,800 meters maximum
Rate Of Fire
450-600 rounds per minute cyclic
Crew
1-3 operators
Ammunition
Belt-fed, various types including armor-piercing
Manufacturer
Colt, General Motors, others
Years Produced
1933-present
Nickname
Ma Deuce, Fifty Cal

M1 Garand Rifle

Standard infantry rifle carried by Murphy's men during the defensive action.

Caliber
.30-06 Springfield (7.62×63mm)
Weight
9.5 lbs (4.3 kg)
Range
500 yards effective, 800 yards maximum
Rate Of Fire
16-24 aimed rounds per minute
Crew
1
Ammunition
8-round en-bloc clip
Manufacturer
Springfield Armory, Winchester, others
Years Produced
1936-1957
Nickname
The Greatest Battle Implement Ever Devised

M36 Tank Destroyer

The tank destroyer that Murphy climbed aboard when it was hit and burning, using its machine gun to make his stand.

Caliber
90mm M3 L/53 gun
Weight
28.1 tons
Range
150 miles operational
Rate Of Fire
8 rounds per minute
Crew
5 (commander, gunner, loader, driver, assistant driver)
Ammunition
47 rounds 90mm
Manufacturer
General Motors
Years Produced
1943-1945
Nickname
Jackson

Panzerfaust

German anti-tank weapon used to disable the American tank destroyer.

Caliber
Various (30mm, 60mm, 100mm, 150mm)
Weight
11-22 lbs depending on model
Range
30-200 meters depending on model
Rate Of Fire
Single shot, disposable
Crew
1
Ammunition
Shaped charge warhead
Manufacturer
HASAG and others
Years Produced
1943-1945
Nickname
Tank Fist

Panzer IV Ausf. H

German medium tanks leading the assault against Murphy's position.

Caliber
75mm KwK 40 L/48 gun
Weight
25 tons
Range
200 km operational
Rate Of Fire
15 rounds per minute
Crew
5 (commander, gunner, loader, driver, radio operator)
Ammunition
87 rounds 75mm
Manufacturer
Krupp, others
Years Produced
1943-1945
Nickname
Panzer IV
Photo
Pending

Audie Leon Murphy

Second Lieutenant

Unit: Company B, 15th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division

Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star (2), Bronze Star (2), Purple Heart (3), Combat Infantry Badge, various campaign medals

Born June 20, 1925, near Kingston, Texas, to sharecropper parents. After his father abandoned the family, Murphy helped support his mother and siblings. Rejected by Navy and Marines for being underweight and underage, he lied about his age to join the Army in 1942. Initially assigned to 15th Infantry, 3rd Division. Combat veteran of Tunisia, Sicily, Anzio, southern France, and Alsace campaigns. Rose from private to battlefield commission as second lieutenant. Known for exceptional marksmanship and fearless leadership. Suffered from what would later be recognized as PTSD. Post-war became Hollywood actor starring in war films. Died 1971 in plane crash. Most decorated American soldier of WWII.

Photo
Pending

Sergeant Kerrigan

Sergeant

Unit: Company B, 15th Infantry Regiment

Research needed

Squad leader in Murphy's company. Specific details about background and hometown require further research. Witnessed Murphy's stand and attempted to convince him to withdraw from the burning tank destroyer. Survived the war.

Photo
Pending

Captain Johnson

Captain

Unit: M36 Tank Destroyer crew

Research needed

Tank destroyer commander whose M36 was hit by German anti-tank fire. Evacuated crew when vehicle caught fire but took cover nearby during Murphy's stand. Full service record requires research.

Operation Nordwind - Alsace Campaign

December 31, 1944 — January 25, 1945

Operation Nordwind was Germany's last major offensive on the Western Front, launched December 31, 1944, against American forces in Alsace. Following the failure of the Ardennes Offensive, Hitler ordered this secondary attack to relieve pressure on German forces and potentially force the Allies to redeploy troops. The offensive targeted the US Seventh Army and French First Army holding the southern portion of the Allied line. German forces, including elements of Army Group G, attacked south from the Saar region and west from the Rhine bridgeheads around Strasbourg. The 3rd Infantry Division, including Murphy's 15th Infantry Regiment, bore the brunt of fierce German attacks around towns like Riedwihr and Holtzwihr. Despite initial German gains, American forces gradually contained the offensive through determined defensive fighting and counterattacks.

Positions are approximate, based on published accounts.

Medal of Honor

Conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life above and beyond the call of duty

Official citation:

Second Lieutenant Audie L. Murphy, 15th Infantry, for action on 26 January 1945, near Holtzwihr, France. Second Lieutenant Murphy commanded Company B, which was attacked by 6 tanks and waves of infantry. Lieutenant Murphy ordered his men to withdraw to prepared positions in a woods, while he remained forward at his command post and continued to give fire directions to the artillery by telephone. Behind him, to his right, 1 of our tank destroyers received a direct hit and began to burn. Its crew withdrew to the woods. Lieutenant Murphy continued to direct artillery fire which killed large numbers of the advancing enemy infantry. With the enemy tanks abreast of his position, Lieutenant Murphy climbed on the burning tank destroyer, which was in danger of blowing up at any moment, and employed its .50 caliber machine gun against the enemy. He was alone and exposed to German fire from 3 sides, but his deadly fire killed dozens of Germans and caused their infantry attack to waver. The enemy tanks, losing infantry support, began to fall back. For an hour the Germans tried every available weapon to eliminate 2d Lieutenant Murphy, but he continued to hold his position and wiped out a squad which was trying to creep up unnoticed on his right flank. Germans reached as close as 10 yards, only to be mowed down by his fire. He received a leg wound, but ignored it and continued the fight until his ammunition was exhausted. He then made his way to his company, refused medical attention, and organized the company in a counterattack which forced the Germans to withdraw. His directing of artillery fire wiped out many of the enemy; he killed or wounded about 50. Second Lieutenant Murphy's indomitable courage and his refusal to give an inch of ground saved his company from possible encirclement and destruction, and enabled the entire regimental combat team to advance.

Sources & Further Reading

OFFICIAL

Medal of Honor Citation for 2nd Lt. Audie L. Murphy, 15th Infantry Regiment, action of 26 January 1945

BOOK

Murphy, Audie. To Hell and Back. New York: Henry Holt, 1949

ARCHIVE

3rd Infantry Division Unit History, National Archives and Records Administration

RESEARCH

Graham, Don. No Name on the Bullet: A Biography of Audie Murphy. New York: Viking, 1989